SBR technology treats wastewater in batches – Sequencing Batch Reactor

SBR batch treatment technology is a wastewater treatment method using aerobic activated sludge biotechnology in which the sedimentation and aerobic phases occur in the same tank. This is a technology that has been used relatively commonly in recent times

Current status of using SBR technology

SBR technology has been researched since the 1920s and is increasingly used worldwide. In Europe and China and the United States, they are applying this technology to treat municipal and industrial wastewater, especially in areas characterized by low and fluctuating wastewater flows.

SBR is applied in domestic wastewater, concentrated wastewater and industrial wastewater, especially in areas with low flow or highly fluctuating flow components. Using developed SBR technology quickly in small communities; wastewater discharge is less than 1 million gallons per day (MGD).

On-site, batch treatment is ideally suited for homes, farms, hotels, small businesses, casinos, and resorts where centralized wastewater treatment facilities are not currently available. Have. Recently, an increasing number of small communities discharging wastewater above 10 MGD are using SBR technology to reduce capital costs and operations and maintenance (O&M) costs and to comply with industry requirements. Strict effluent quality includes nutrient removal.

What is batch processing SBR technology?

• SBR: Sequencing Batch Reactor is a batch wastewater treatment method
• SBR is essentially biological treatment using aerobic activated sludge
• Aerobic biological treatment and sedimentation processes occur in the same tank

SBR tank, also known as batch activated sludge tank (Sequencing Batch Reactor), is a biological wastewater treatment tank using a continuous batch reaction process. This is a form of Aeroten tank.

SBR not only has the same function as the Aeroten tank, which is to remove biodegradable organic substances thanks to aerobic microorganisms, but also has the function of settling sludge to collect clear water out.

Batch wastewater treatment technology is a suspended sludge growth treatment process. SBR technology is an improvement of the activated sludge treatment process and is simply described as a tank that receives and processes each batch. Once the batch is treated, part of the batch is discharged and another batch collects the wastewater, the water is treated and discharged and then another batch collects the wastewater, the water is treated and discharged. is discharged.

There are two types of SBR: true batch reactor and continuous flow type of tank.

Real batch processing tank (intermittent flow)

For a “true batch reactor,” once wastewater is fed into the tank at a normal filling level, the wastewater is then treated. Only add more wastewater to the tank when all phases have been completed and effectively removed settled solids to allow discharge into another batch of tank wastewater.

The batch processing tank has a continuous flow

In a batch treatment tank with a continuous flow, the input wastewater always flows into the tank. In the tank there are two chambers (chambers) separated by a baffle. The smaller chamber receives the input wastewater and from here the wastewater flows slowly into the larger chamber. The larger chamber acts as a batch wastewater treatment tank. However, this batch treatment tank only has phases: reaction phase (React), sedimentation phase (Settle) and liquid decantation phase (Decant).

What are the stages of SBR technology to treat wastewater in batches?

Decanter collects water in SBR tank

• Filling (Filling) filling pump water from the Selector tank (pre-aerated)
• Reaction (Reaction) aerates and maintains DO at least 2mg/l

• Sedimentation (Seattle) stops aeration, activated sludge settles to the bottom of the tank

Decanter collects water in SBR tank installed by Nam Viet

Advantages of SBR batch processing technology

• The outstanding feature of the SBR tank is that it does not require activated sludge circulation. The two processes of reaction and sedimentation take place right in one tank, there is no loss of activated sludge during the reaction stage and there is no need to circulate activated sludge from the sedimentation tank to maintain concentration;
• Due to automatic operation, operation is easy and requires less human effort;
• Easy integration of nitrification/denitrification as well as phosphorus removal;
• The phases change alternately but do not lose the ability to reduce BOD by about 90-92%;
• Reduce construction costs of settling tanks, related pipeline and pump systems;
• Simple installation and can be easily expanded and upgraded;
• Flexible SBR system can treat many different types of wastewater with many components and loads;
• Easy to maintain and service equipment (small equipment) without having to drain the tank. Only drain water when maintaining equipment such as: stirrer, water collection decanter, air blower;
• Low output TSS, high efficiency of phosphorus removal, nitrification and denitrification;
• Good flocculation process due to no mechanical sludge removal system;
• The sedimentation process is in a static state so the sedimentation efficiency is high;
• Reduces the system’s construction area, suitable for factories with small premises;
• Can treat wastewater with high N and P concentrations;
• Wastewater after passing through the SBR tank ensures:
• BOD5 ≤ 10 mg/l
• SS ≤ 10 mg/l
• Total Nitrogen = 5 – 8 mg/l
• Total phosphorus = 1 -2 mg/l

Disadvantages of batch processing technology

• Because the system operates in batches, it is necessary to have multiple devices operating simultaneously;
• Low processing capacity (due to batch operations);
• Requires employees to have high technical qualifications;
• Difficulty for continuous and large-capacity wastewater systems;
• Controlling the process is very difficult, requiring a sophisticated and modern monitoring system of indicators;
• It is possible that the output water in the discharge stage carries with it sludge that is difficult to settle and floating scum;
• Pay attention to air blowing time and water collection time;
• Due to the feature of not draining mud, the air blowing system is easily clogged with mud;

Treatment efficiency of SBR tank

SBR is an extremely effective and well-proven biological treatment process used to decompose organic matter and can significantly reduce nitrogen compared to wastewater treatment at high levels of BOD, COD; Reduce nitrogen in suspended solids. This treatment process is ideal for treating large volumes. SBR wastewater treatment technology can treat 85 – 90% of pollutants in wastewater.

BOD and COD are used to measure water quality, determining how microorganisms use oxygen in the body of water while COD measures the amount of organic compounds in the water.

The main point of the SBR process is the control system. The system includes a combination of sensors, timers and microprocessors providing flexibility and precision in SBR operation. By varying the aerobic, anoxic and anaerobic/fermentative phase times of a given batch or cycle, biological reactions for nitrification, denitrification and biological phosphorus removal learning is controlled.

All types of wastewater can be treated with SBR technology in batches

• Pig farming wastewater
• Domestic wastewater
• Hospital wastewater
• Food industry wastewater…

Compare SBR technology with traditional Aeroten

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